Skeleton harrow-disk.



E. M. KRAMER.

SKELETON HARROW DISK. APRLIOATION PI-LED JULY 16,1908.

907,509. Patented Dec. 22,- 1908.

EMIL M. KRAMER, OF PAXTON, ILLINOIS.

SKELETON HARROW-DISK.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL M. KRAMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Paxton, in the county of Ford and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Skeleton Harrow-Disk, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to skeleton harrow disks and it consists in the novel construction and arrangement of its parts as hereinafter shown and described.

The object of the invention is to provide a skeleton or open disk, which is especially adapted to be used for harrowing the soil at the time when it is turned by a plow, and with this object in view the device consists of a hub, to which is attached a series of arms. The said hub is channeled or recessed for the reception of the inner ends of the arms and the inner ends of the said arms abut against each other, as will hereinafter be described. The outer portions of the arms are formed into blades of peculiar configuration and the said arms are slightly curved or concaved longitudinally. The blades are provided with cutting edges, all of which occupy arcs of the same circle. The blade is formed with a heel and toe portion, the heel portion being that which is adapted to first enter the ground and is followed by the toe portion, which is the last part to emerge from the ground. The heel portions of all of the blades occupy a common plane, while the toe portions of all the blades occupy a common plane Which is different from that occupied by the heel portions of the blades. The configuration of the blades is such that as the heel portions emerge from the ground they slightly spade or turn the soil, while the cutting edges of the blades cleave the soil. All of the toe portions of the blades are disposed in the same circular directions, and as the toe portion of one blade is spaced from the heel portion of a neXt adjacent blade and this arrangement is preserved throughout the entire series, the disk is a skeleton or open harrow and cannot accumulate the soil, which may be of a sticky nature, as the soil which would adhere to the blade is eventually'pushed off through the open spaces between the blades and the arms.

In the accompanying drawing,Figure 1 is a side elevation of the skeleton disk. Fig. 2 is an edge elevation of the same and Fig. 3

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 16, 1908.

Patented Dec. 22, 1908.

Serial No. 443,882.

is a perspective view of one of the rnis nd blade of the disk detached from the hub.

The disk consists of the hub plate 1, which is provided with a series of rectangularly disposed channels 2. The said hub is provided with a square or non-circular central perforation, which is surrounded by a square or non circular boss 4. The arms 5 snugly fit at their inner ends in the recesses 2, and the inner ends of arms 5 abut against the side edge of the next adjacent arm. This arrangement is preserved or continued throughout the entire series of arms. The arms 5 are slightly concaved as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawing.

The arms 5 are held in the recesses 2 by means of the rivets 6 which are passed through the inner portions of the said arms and the hub 1. The outer portions of the arms 5 merge into the blade portions 7 which in turn are provided with circular cutting edges 8. The cutting edges 8 of all of the blade portions 7 describe arcs, the radii of which are of equal length, as illustrated in Fig. l of the drawing. Each blade portion 7 is provided at its forward end with a heel portion 9 and at its rear end with a toe portion 10. The heel portions 9 of all of the blade portions 7 lie in the same plane as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing, while the toe portions 10 of all of the blade portions 7 lie in the same plane which is different from that plane in which the heel portions 9 lie. Consequently the said blade portions 7 are slightly curved or twisted laterally as is clearly illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawing.

In operation a series or gang of the skeleton disks as above described, are mounted upon a shaft or rod by passing the said shaft or rod through the square or non-circular perforations in the hubs of the said disks, and the sleeves or spools 11 as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing, are interposed between the hubs 1 of the disks for the purpose of holding the said disks at proper space from each other. When the series of gangs of disks as described, are so mounted upon the shafts or axle and as the disks are rolled u on their edges over i the surface of the groun they rotate in the direction as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1 of the drawing, consequently, the heel portions 9 of the blade portions 7 first enter the ground, then the cutting edges 9 of the blade portions 7 penetrate into the ground, until the toe portions 10 enter into the soil. When this occurs, the heel portions emerge from the soil and in doing so the soil is slightly spaded or turned, owing to the peculiar lateral disposition or relative position existing between the heel portion 9 and the toe portion 10 of the blade portions 7. It will thus be seen that the soil is treated with a shearing cut and at the same time is slightly spaded or turned and that by reason of the fact that the toe portions 10 areacuminate or pointed, they will have not a tendency to accumulate the soil, but will gently draw out the soil as they move in an upward direction. It will also be oltserved that by reason of the fact that the discs are of skeleton or open formation, that any material which may accumulate thereon will eventually push toward the center and in the course of time will be forced from the blade ortions 7 between the inner edges of the said portions and the edges of the next adjacent arms 5. Thus it will be seen that the disks will, in a great measure, keep them selves free from accumulations, and at the same time they will treat the soil efiectually and will render the same in proper condition for planting or other purposes.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, is

In a disk as described, an arm curved lateralong its longer dimension and having an ar- 2 cuate cutting edge, the blade portion gradually decreasing in breadth toward that end remote from the arm portion, the sides of the blade portion being inclined in the same general direction as that of the lateral curvature of the arm portion.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto afiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

. EMIL M: KRAMER.

Witnesses J. W. KAUFMANN, A. V. RozENE. 

